Glaucoma masqueraders (Table 1) are ocular conditions that have clinical features that resemble glaucoma. Like glaucoma, they are conditions that can change the appearance of the optic nerve and may result in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual field abnormalities. Some of these conditions may be vision- and/or life-threatening if not diagnosed in a timely fashion. Hence the importance of being aware of glaucoma masqueraders and to have a high suspicion for these conditions when reviewing a patient for glaucoma. It is also important to be aware of key ‘red flags’ that will help distinguish between glaucoma and other causes of optic neuropathy (Table 2).
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