The ’80s: bad hairdos, shoulder pads, high-waisted jeans and male optoms vastly outnumbering female optoms. Then, in 1987, things changed. For the first time, female optometry students outnumbered males and this has been the pattern ever since, except for 2001.
Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) is one of the more important clinical signs in neuro-ophthalmic examination. Quite often its presence is the only objective sign of unilateral or asymmetric
A pterygium is a common benign ocular surface growth. It typically starts on the nasal conjunctiva close to the limbus as a pinkish, triangular tissue growth and extends across the cornea. The cornea
Ugly, red blotches; itchy, inflamed spots; oozing sores. No, this is not a description of a zombie from the latest horror flick, but a patient suffering from an allergy to their glasses.
A characteristic of dry eye disease (DED) is the presence of inflammation, a significant driving factor of the vicious circle that is DED. TFOS second dry eye workshop (TFOS DEWS II) aptly described this process as being initiated by evaporative water loss leading to hyperosmolar tissue damage. This
It’s become clear, as our knowledge has evolved, that dry eye management, if performed thoroughly, cannot be squeezed into a normal examination as part of a standard eye examination. You wouldn’t expect to perform a full glaucoma work-up within a standard eye examination and neither should you expec
Deficiency in tear film quality and quantity are often considered key defining characteristics of dry eye disease (DED). The complex, dynamic multi-component structure, which comprises an underlying aqueous-mucous layer and a superficial lipid layer, synergistically maintains ocular surface homeosta
Ocular allergy represents a group of hypersensitivity disorders that primarily affects the conjunctiva.
Contact lens wear is associated with discomfort. This presents a real problem for wearers, practitioners and industry as discomfort is one of the main reasons for contact lens wearers to drop out of lens wear.
Since our last dry eye special feature, dry eye has gone mainstream. We are proud to bring you the latest update on all things dry eye from this part of the world and further afield, recognising the collaborative efforts ongoing in dry eye today, many initiated or involving our own University of Auc
The tear film and ocular surface are extremely complex, with tear film playing a vital role in maintaining ocular surface health. Not only does it provide lubrication but also many neuropeptides, vitamins and growth factors essential for the health of the corneal epithelium. Given the complexity of
Diabetes has now reached epidemic proportions affecting millions of people across the world. It is estimated around 54% of patients with diabetes suffer from some degree of dry eye syndrome.
