Genome engineering or gene editing is a term in increasing use in our lexicon, particularly since the awareness that technologies based on prokaryotic CRISPR, an inherent part of a bacteria’s defence system against viral invasion, have therapeutic potential (Fig 1). The first in vivo CRISPR-based gene treatment for an inherited retinal disease is about to commence. So, what is it exactly, what could it be used for and, more importantly, what are its limitations?
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